Association The Proportion of Carbonated Beverage Consumption and The Prevalence of Hypertension and Diabetes in Indonesia (Indonesia Health Survey Analysis 2023)

Mia Jana Ria; Demsa Simbolon; Dea Salsabila; Dina Septiana; Khairunnisak Walfitri; Nabila Rahmadhani; Rangga Febriansah

doi:10.35910/icohpj.v5i0.980

Mia Jana Ria Department of Nutrition, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia
Demsa Simbolon Department of Nutrition, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia
Dea Salsabila Department of Nutrition, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia
Dina Septiana Department of Nutrition, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia
Khairunnisak Walfitri Department of Nutrition, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia
Nabila Rahmadhani Department of Nutrition, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia
Rangga Febriansah Department of Nutrition, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35910/icohpj.v5i0.980

Keywords: Carbonated drinks, Hypertension, Diabetes, Consumption patterns

Abstract

Background: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are non-communicable diseases with increasing prevalence in Indonesia. High consumption of carbonated beverages is suspected to be a major risk factor due to their high sugar and sodium content, which can affect blood pressure and glucose levels.

Method: This cross-sectional study used aggregate data from IHS 2023. The sample consisted of regional data from 38 provinces in Indonesia. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson and Spearman correlation tests to assess the relationship between carbonated beverage consumption and the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes.

Result: Summarize the key findings of the study. The results showed that consuming carbonated beverages ≥1 time/day had a significant relationship with the prevalence of hypertension (r=0.612; p=0.001) and diabetes (r=0.629; p=0.001). Consumption of 1-6 times/week was also associated with hypertension (r=0.343; p=0.035) and diabetes (r=0.362; p=0.026). However, consumption ≤3 Times/month showed only a weak relationship with the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes.

Conclusion: High consumption of carbonated beverages is significantly associated with increased prevalence of hypertension and diabetes among individuals aged ≥15 years in Indonesia. Health policies are needed to reduce carbonated beverage consumption, such as health education and the implementation of taxes on sugary drinks.